Appendix A - Federal Lighting

  1. Basic Equipment Required on All Trucks, Buses & MPVs
  2. Additional Equipment for Specific Vehicles
  3. Illustrations of Federal Lightning Equipment Location Requirements - Trucks, Buses & MPVs
  4. Basic Equipment Required on all Trailers
  5. Additional Equipment for Trailers Exceeding the Following Parameters
  6. Illustrations of Federal Lightning Equipment Location Requirements - Trailers
  7. ECE Code Lens Markings

Note: Every lamp, reflex reflector, and conspicuity treatment (device) must be permanently attached in the location specified below and must comply with all prescribed for it by FMVSS/CMVSS 108. The face of any device on the front/rear and sides should be, respectively perpendicular and parallel to vehicle centerline, unless it is photometrically certified at installation angle. No part of the vehicle shall prevent any device from meeting its prescribed requirements unless an auxiliary device meeting all prescribed requirements is installed.

In Canada: Manufacturers and importers of vehicles must have the proper certification test records demonstrating compliance of lighting components with all prescribed requirements.

This table summarizes lighting equipment requirements contained in Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 108. For complete compliance requirements consult Title 49 - Code of Federal Regulations, Section 571.108. (USA) and Section 108 of the Motor Vehicle Safety Regulations (Canada).

1. Basic Equipment Required on All Trucks, Buses & MPVs

Area

Equipment (SAE Lens Coding)

Height mm (in.)

Location / Requirements

1

(blue star) Headlamps - Lower Beam ( H, HR )

Quantity: minimum 2; Colour: white;

Functional Purpose: forward road illumination

560-1370 (22-54)

Front - symmetrical

  • as far apart as practicable (If 4 lamp system - outboard or above upper beams)

(blue star) Headlamps - Upper Beam ( H, HR )

Quantity: minimum 2; Colour: white;

Functional Purpose: forward road illumination

560-1370 (22-54)

Front - symmetrical
(If 4 lamp system - inboard or below lower beams)

(blue star) (blue star) Parking Lamps ( P )

Required only on vehicles less than 2032mm wide.

Quantity: minimum 2; Colour: white or yellow; Functional Purpose: indicate parked vehicle

380-1530 (15-60)

Front - symmetrical

  • as far apart as practicable

(blue star) (blue star) Daytime Running Lamps ( Y2 )

for Canada required, for US optional. For US, "DRL" lettering required on lens if device is not headlamp.

Quantity: minimum 2; Colour: white or yellow; Functional Purpose: indicate in-use vehicle

380 (15) minimum

Maximum depends on type of DRL

Front - symmetrical

  • as far apart as practicable

(blue star) (blue star) Front Turn Signal/Hazard Warning Lamps ( I )

Quantity: minimum 2; Colour: white or yellow; Functional Purpose: indicate direction of turn/identify disabled vehicle

380-2110 (15-83)

Front - symmetrical

  • as far apart as practicable

2

(blue star) (blue star) Front Clearance Lamps ( P2, PC* or P3*,PC2 )
*photo-metrically certified at installation angle

Required for vehicles 2032mm wide or wider.

Quantity: minimum 2; Colour: white or yellow; Functional Purpose: show vehicle’s width

As high as practicable

At widest point - symmetrical

  • on the front or near the front

  • facing forward

3

(blue star) Front Identification Lamps (ID) ( P2 or P3 )

Quantity: exactly 3; Colour: yellow; Functional Purpose: indicate presence of a wide vehicle

As high as practicable or on top of cab

Front - center

  • horizontally spaced 150 mm (6 in.) to 300 mm (12 in.) apart

4a

(blue star) Front Side Marker Lamps ( P2, PC* or P3 ,PC2* )
*photo-metrically certified at installation angle

Quantity: minimum 2; Colour: yellow; Functional Purpose: indicate vehicle’s presence and length

380 (15) minimum

Front - each side

  • as far forward as practicable

4b

(blue star) Front Side Reflex Reflectors ( A )

Quantity: minimum 2; Colour: yellow; Functional Purpose: indicate vehicle’s presence and length

380-1530 (15-60)

Front - symmetrical

  • as far forward as practicable - facing sideward

5a

(blue star) Rear Side Marker Lamps (P2, PC* or P3, PC2*)
*photo-metrically certified at installation angle

Not required on truck tractors.

Quantity: minimum 2; Colour: red; Functional Purpose: indicate vehicle’s presence and length

380 (15) minimum

Each side at rear

  • as far back as practicable

5b

(blue star) Rear Side Reflex Reflectors ( A )

Not required on truck tractors.

Quantity: minimum 2; Colour: red; Functional Purpose: indicate vehicle’s presence and length

380-1530 (15-60)

Each side at rear

  • as far back as practicable

  • facing sideward

6

(blue star) Rear Clearance Lamps ( P2, PC* or P3, PC2* )
*photo-metrically certified at installation angle

Required for vehicles 2032mm wide or wider, but not required on truck tractors. MAY NOT be combined with tail lamps.

Quantity: minimum 2; Colour: red; Functional Purpose: show vehicle’s width

As high as practicable. May be lower only if rear ID lamps are at the top

At widest point - symmetrical

  • on the rear or near the rear

  • facing rearward

7

(blue star) Rear Identification Lamps (ID) ( P2 or P3 )

Required for vehicles 2032mm wide or wider, but not required on truck tractors.

Quantity: exactly 3; Colour: red; Functional Purpose: indicate presence of a wide vehicle

in Canada : at the top - maybe lower if door header narrower than 25mm
in USA: as high as practicable

Rear - center

  • horizontally spaced 150 mm (6 in.) to 300 mm (12 in.) apart

  • facing rearward

8

(blue star) Tail Lamps ( T )

Quantity: minimum 2; Colour: red; Functional Purpose: indicate vehicle’s presence and width

380-1830 (15-72)

On the rear - symmetrical

  • as far apart as practicable

(blue star) Stop Lamps ( S )

Quantity: minimum 2; Colour: red; Functional Purpose: indicate braking

380-1830 (15-72)

On the rear - symmetrical

  • as far apart as practicable

(blue star) (blue star) Rear Turn Signal/Hazard Warning Lamps ( I )

Quantity: minimum 2; Colour: red or yellow; Functional Purpose: indicate direction of turn/ identifies disabled vehicle

380-2110 (15-83)

On the rear - symmetrical

  • as far apart as practicable

(blue star) Rear Reflex Reflectors ( A )

Quantity: minimum 2; Colour: red; Functional Purpose: show vehicle's presence and width

380-1530 (15-60)

On the rear - symmetrical

  • as far apart as practicable

  • facing rearward

9

(blue star) Backup Lamp ( R )

Quantity: minimum 1; Colour: white; Functional Purpose: illuminate ground behind the vehicle and alert road users

No requirement

Rear

10

(blue star) License Plate Lamp(s) ( L )

Quantity: minimum 1; Colour: white; Functional Purpose: illuminates license plate

No requirement

Rear - above or at the sides of license plate

11

(blue star) Center High Mounted Stop Lamp ( U3 )

Required for vehicles less than 2032mm wide and 4536kg.

Quantity: minimum 1; Colour: red; Functional Purpose: indicates braking

860 (34) minimum

Rear - centerline of the vehicle

2. Additional Equipment for Specific Vehicles

A. Vehicles 9.1 m (30 ft.) Long or Longer

Area

Equipment (SAE Lens Coding)

Height mm (in.)

Location / Requirements

12a

(blue star) Intermediate Side Marker Lamps ( P2 or PC )

Quantity: minimum 2; Colour: yellow; Functional Purpose: indicate presence of a long vehicle

380 (15) minimum

Each side near center

12b

(blue star) Intermediate Side Reflex Reflectors ( A )

Quantity: minimum 2; Colour: yellow; Functional Purpose: indicate presence of a long vehicle

380-1530 (15-60)

Each side near center

  • facing sideward

B. Truck Tractors

Area

Equipment (DOT Coding)

Height mm (in.)

Location / Requirements

13

(blue star) Rear Upper Body Marking ( DOT-C, DOT-C2, DOT-C3, or DOT-C4 )

Quantity: Exactly 2 pairs of 300mm long strips; Colour: red;

As high as practicable excluding fairings

Rear upper corners of cab

  • facing rearward

14

(blue star)(blue star) Rear Marking ( DOT-C, DOT-C2, DOT-C3, or DOT-C4 )

Quantity: Exactly 2 sections of min. 600mm each; Colour: red/white;

As horizontal as practicable and not higher than 1525 mm from the ground

Rear

  • facing rearward

  • on fenders, on mud flaps brackets, or within 300mm below of the top of mud flaps

If mud flaps not used - on the cab or frame mounted brackets

3. Illustrations of Federal Lightning Equipment Location Requirements - Trucks, Buses & MPVs

4. Basic Equipment Required on all Trailers

Area

Equipment (SAE Lens Coding)

Height mm (in.)

Location / Requirements

1

(blue star) Tail Lamps ( T )

Quantity: minimum 2; Colour: red; Functional Purpose: indicate vehicle's presence and width

380-1830
(15-72)

On the rear - symmetrical

  • as far apart as practicable

(blue star) Stop Lamps ( S )

Quantity: minimum 2; Colour: red; Functional Purpose: indicate braking

380-1830
(15-72)

On the rear - symmetrical

  • as far apart as practicable

(blue star) (blue star) Rear Turn Signal Lamps ( I )

Quantity: minimum 2; Colour: red or yellow; Functional Purpose: indicate direction of turn

380-2110
(15-83)

On the rear - symmetrical

  • as far apart as practicable

(blue star) Rear Reflex Reflectors ( A )

Quantity: minimum 2; Colour: red; Functional Purpose: indicate vehicle's presence and width

380-1530
(15-60)

On the rear - symmetrical

  • as far apart as practicable

  • facing rearward

2

(blue star) License Plate Lamp(s) ( L )

Quantity: minimum 1; Colour: white; Functional Purpose: illuminates license plate

No requirement

Rear - above or at the sides of license plate

3

(blue star) Rear Side Marker Lamps (P2, PC* OR P3, PC2*)
*photometrically certified at installation angle

Quantity: minimum 2; Colour: red; Functional Purpose: indicate vehicle's presence and length

380-1530 (15-60)
no max. for vehicle under 2032mm (80"") wide

Rear - Each side

  • as far back as practicable

(blue star) Rear Side Reflex Reflectors ( A )

Quantity: minimum 2; Colour: red; Functional Purpose: indicate vehicle's presence and length

380-1530
(15-60)

Rear - Each side

  • as far back as practicable

  • facing sideward

4a

(blue star) Front Side Marker Lamps ( P2, PC* OR P3, PC2* )
*photometrically certified at installation angle

Quantity: minimum 2; Colour: yellow; Functional Purpose: indicate vehicle's presence and length

380 (15) minimum

Front - Each side

  • as far forward as practicable

4b

(blue star) Front Side Reflex Reflectors ( A )

Quantity: minimum 2; Colour: yellow; Functional Purpose: indicate vehicle's presence and length

380-1530
(15-60)

Front - Each side

  • as far forward as practicable

  • facing sideward

5. Additional Equipment for Trailers Exceeding the Following Parameters

A. Length 9.1m (30 ft.) or longer

Area

Equipment (SAE Lens Coding)

Height mm (in.)

Location / Requirements

5a

(blue star) Intermediate Side Marker Lamps (P2 or P3)

Quantity: minimum 2; Colour: yellow; Functional Purpose: indicate presence of a long vehicle

380 (15) minimum

Each side near center facing sideward

5b

(blue star) Intermediate Side Reflex Reflectors ( A )

Quantity: minimum 2; Colour: yellow; Functional Purpose: indicate presence of a long vehicle

380-1530
(15-60)

Each side near center facing sideward

B. Width 2032mm (80 in.) or wider

Area

Equipment (SAE Lens Coding)

Height mm (in.)

Location / Requirements

6

(blue star) Rear Clearance Lamps (P2, PC* OR P3, PC2*)
*photometrically certified at installation angle

May NOT be combined with tail lamps.

Quantity: minimum 2; Colour: red; Functional Purpose: show vehicle's width

As high as practicable may be lower only if ID lamps are at the top

Rear or near the rear at widest point - symmetrical

  • facing rearward

7

(blue star) Rear Identification (ID) Lamps (P2 or P3)

Quantity: exactly 3; Colour: red; Functional Purpose: indicate presence of a wide vehicle

At the top - may be lower if door header narrower than 25mm

Rear - centre

  • horizontally spaced 150mm (6 in.) to 300mm (12 in.) apart

  • facing rearward

8

(blue star) Front Clearance Lamps (P2, PC* OR P3, PC2*)
*photometrically certified at installation

Quantity: minimum 2; Colour: yellow; Functional Purpose: show vehicle's width

As high as practicable

Front or near the front at widest point - symmetrical

  • facing forward

C. Width 2032mm (80 in.) or wider AND 4536 kg (10,000 lb.) or more

Reflex reflectors may not be required if they are replaced in their required location with conspicuity treatment.

Optional in Canada:
Rear lower body and side conspicuity treatment may also be solid white, solid yellow, or white and yellow.

Area

Equipment (DOT Coding)

Height mm (in.)

Location / Requirements

9

(blue star) Rear Upper Body Markings (DOT-C, DOT-C2, DOT-C3, DOT-C4)

Quantity: exactly 2 pairs of 300mm long strips; Colour: white

At the top

On the rear upper corners facing rearward

10

(blue star)(blue star) Bumper Bar Marking (DOT-C, DOT-C2, DOT-C3, DOT-C4)

Quantity: Continuous; Colour: red/white;

No requirement

Rear bumper bar's horizontal element - full width

  • facing rearward

11

(blue star)(blue star) Rear Lower Body Marking (DOT-C, DOT-C2, DOT-C3, DOT-C4)

Quantity: Continuous; Colour: red/white;

As horizontal as practicable and as close as practicable to the range of 375 to 1525mm from the ground

Rear - full width of the vehicle

  • facing rearward

12

(blue star)(blue star) Side Marking (DOT-C, DOT-C2, DOT-C3, DOT-C4)

Quantity: (see location/requirements); Colour: red/white

As horizontal as practicable and as close as practicable to the range of 375 to 1525mm from the ground

Each side 

  • facing sideward continuous, or evenly spaced over minimum of 50% of length

  • starts and ends as close to the front and rear of the vehicle as practicable

Note: The edge of red conspicuity tape shall not be closer than 75 mm to the edge of any amber lamp and the edge of white conspicuity tape shall not be closer than 75 mm to the edge of any lamp.

6. Illustrations of Federal Lightning Equipment Location Requirements - Trailers

7. ECE Code Lens Markings

ECE lighting and signaling function markings

A

Parking lamp

AR

Back up lamp

F or B

Rear fog lamp

IA

Reflector

R

Tail lamp

S1

Stop (brake) lamp

S3

Centre high-mount stop lamp

1, 1a or 1b

Front turn signal lamp

2a

Rear turn signal lamp

5

Side turn signal lamp

SM1 or SM2

Side marker lamp

RL

Daytime running lamp (DRL)

→

Function or device intended for right side of vehicle

←

Function or device intended for left side of vehicle

ECE forward illumination function markings

B

Front fog lamp

C

Low-beam headlamp with tungsten bulb

R

High-beam headlamp or driving lamp with tungsten bulb

CR or C/R

Low/high-beam headlamp with tungsten bulb

HC

Low-beam headlamp with halogen bulb

HR

High-beam headlamp with halogen bulb

HCR or HC/R

Low/high-beam headlamp with halogen bulb

DC

Low-beam headlamp with HID Xenon bulb

DR

High-beam headlamp or driving lamp with HID Xenon bulb

DCR or DC/R

Low/high-beam headlamp with HID Xenon bulb

PL

Plastic lens (may occur with any forward illumination markings)

→

Designed for left-hand traffic only (right-hand drive vehicle)

[No arrow]

Designed for right-hand traffic only (left-hand drive vehicle)

↔︎

Designed for right- and left-hand traffic